One of the advantages of living in the private sector is the opportunity to independently build according to your own design - you can build a house of any size (naturally, within the available area of the land) and then, if necessary, increase it in size. If the strength of the foundation allows, the house can be increased in height or, conversely, increased in length or width - so to speak, make an extension to it, which will be discussed in this article. Together with the site, we will look at the materials and technologies that will allow us to independently solve the question of how to make an extension to the house? And we’ll start by studying materials, where we’ll figure out which materials are best used and under what circumstances.
How to make an extension to a house with your own hands photo
How to make an extension to a house: choosing materials
In general, there is one iron rule that is better not to break. It sounds like this: what the house is built from is what you need to make an extension to it from. At least, this was the case in the past, when the choice of building materials and technologies was limited to brick, other blocks and clay. Today, during advanced technological progress, things are a little different - there are technologies that make it possible to violate this rule, and rudely. Nowadays you can easily attach a brick building to a wooden house, cover it with the same material and get a solid-looking structure. In general, it is not at all necessary to become attached to the old building in terms of material.
Now, in more detail about the most popular materials, with which you can quite simply solve the question of how to make an extension to the house with your own hands?
- Blocks of various formats and bricks. There is no point in dividing them into separate subgroups, since the technology for using them is, in general, the same type - a foundation is erected, on which the walls of the extension are laid block by block, brick by brick. The only point that distinguishes this whole matter is the properties and qualities of the materials - this is important, and it is imperative to take them into account when choosing materials. Let's start with the classics - . Strong, durable material - considering it is quite expensive. Moreover, brick is a fairly cold material, which will additionally have to be insulated, and this will add to the cost of the extension. In addition, this material requires a solid foundation. In this regard, it looks much more attractive - its price is a couple of times lower, the blocks are larger and the material itself is much warmer. Where the brick will need to be laid out in three rows, it is enough to lay the cinder block in two rows. Aerated concrete looks even more attractive - it is lightweight, and the question of how to properly build an extension to a house can be solved even on a shallow (0.5 meter) foundation. Moreover, it is a very warm and porous material, which, with a thickness of 200 mm, is capable of effectively retaining heat in rooms. After plastering, it acquires very decent strength, which makes the structure reliable. In principle, you can consider other block materials - for example, shell rock is often used; it has shown good results in terms of preserving heat in rooms (popularly called sawdust concrete).
How to make an extension to a house photo
- . Today, this is the most optimal option not only for extensions, but also for the construction of private houses in general - the essence of this technology is the manufacture of a wooden and metal frame and its subsequent covering with sheet material such as. Insulation is placed inside the frame, which makes the structure very warm. By and large, this is now the cheapest technology, which, among other things, boasts simplicity and a very fast pace of construction. The only thing that a frame extension cannot boast of is its durability. Although, who knows - with proper technology and proper care, it can last for about a century. We’ll talk a little further about how to make a frame extension to a house.
In addition to the options described above, you can consider the technology of building an extension using the monolithic concreting method. Moreover, it is not at all necessary to use real heavy concrete for these purposes - the best option in this matter may be the so-called slag concrete. Slag-cast houses are very warm in winter and cool in summer - they are durable and can last for a very long time.
How to properly make the foundation of an extension to a house: features
The main problem in making the foundation of an extension is connecting the new and old foundations. If it is done incorrectly or not done at all, then no matter how you join the walls of two separate buildings, a crack will still appear at the place where they join. Moreover, end-to-end, with all the ensuing consequences - heat loss, condensation formation and, as a consequence, the appearance of fungus and mold in this place. In general, it’s not very pleasant. That is why special attention must be paid to the following points.
In principle, these three nuances will be quite enough to reliably connect two foundations together. Alternatively, if, of course, you can get to the bottom of the foundation of the existing house, extensions can be added a little under it.
How to make an extension to a brick house: nuances of joining walls
Attaching a frame structure to a brick or any other block house is not a problem at all - the vertical beam of a wooden frame or the profile of the metal frame of the building is simply attached to the wall of the building using anchors and that’s it! There are practically no nuances here - except perhaps maintaining the vertical level of this beam and sealing the joint. The last operation is carried out either using polyurethane foam or using the so-called PSUL tape (pre-compressed sealing tape).
How to make an extension to a brick house photo
Another thing is joining a brick or block building with a similar house. Here things are somewhat more complicated, and you cannot do without special embedded parts or ligaments. It is possible to ensure a reliable connection of the walls without ligating the blocks only by driving iron embedded parts every 4-5 rows of blocks. Holes are drilled in the wall of the existing building (two, one on each side of the block at a distance of 3 cm from the edge) - reinforcement is driven into them, which should protrude from the wall of the house by at least 30 cm. When a new block is laid on it, the cement will securely connect the two walls into a single whole product. As an option, again, you can use a hammer drill to make potholes, which, when paired with reinforcement, will ensure a reliable connection between the two block walls.
How to make an extension to a wooden house photo
And in conclusion to the topic of how to make an extension to a house, a few words about connecting walls with a block or brick extension. This combination of buildings is also common, and it would be useful to know how they are connected. In fact, you will have to make a metal girth for the blocks - it is attached to the wall of a wooden house using powerful self-tapping screws and is some kind of channel, into which a block or brick wall fits neatly. By and large, this is the same option that is used to attach a wooden extension to a brick house, only exactly the opposite.
Do you dream of increasing your living space, but don’t know which extension to choose? A beautiful and functional extension allows you to make your home more spacious by adding the necessary square meters. To find the veranda option that meets your expectations and the architecture of the place, use photo ideas for house extensions. 
How to make an extension to a house?
If you have a private house, then in most cases you can always increase your living space thanks to an extension. Do you want a custom porch tailored to your needs? Consider the following photos of home facades to make your dream come true. 
Based on the budget allocated for the extension
Extending your home can be expensive, depending on the project you're considering. However, it is always possible to find a solution for all levels of funding, even within the minimum budget. For more or less well-endowed projects, it would be better to prefer installing a veranda for the construction of a large extension. Attic development projects are in the middle of the price range, provided they do not have to deal with too many structural issues such as access etc. Finally, the largest expansion projects overseen by the architect are in the high price range.
Choosing the right option
Construction of a veranda requires organization. You should definitely ask the experts what is allowed or not allowed in your home, consult regarding the extension, voicing your desires - an additional room all year round, a relaxation area, a kitchen, a spa, etc. Be sure to follow the technical or regulatory details that need to be taken into account . You will have a clear idea of what kind of extension can be built by forecasting the family budget. 
Lots of possibilities
Home extension or extension: a solution to expand space without a huge investment. Create a new bedroom, study, new kitchen or living room to reorganize your home. Modern architects work for most extension projects. But be careful as any expansion project, be it simply adding a room, installing a veranda or implementing an elevation, must be carried out in compliance with certain rules.
Extension to a private house: several solutions
You can expand the area of the house thanks to an extension, which can be separate from the common rooms, acting as a separate corridor, or complement the space of the living room. 
Side room extension
This is the preferred solution for owners of fairly spacious land. A side room extension allows you to add volume to your home with priority to create or change area, providing a connection between two rooms (old and new). You can then let your imagination run wild when choosing the style of new construction.
Entrance corridor
If you maintain separation of the extension from the main living environment in the house, then the veranda will be in the form of a cozy corridor, which is especially useful in winter due to the warmth from the street. Being a less used room on winter evenings, you need to heat this type of extension to a minimum. 
Living room addition
Unless you separate the veranda from the existing enclosure, for example by knocking down a wall to create a larger space, heating will need to be provided, even with good insulation. The design of the veranda also depends on the destination. An attached room can complement the kitchen or living room. 
Functional extension to the house
The use and placement of the porch will also affect the overall layout of the house. In some cases, you may need to modify some of the existing rooms to make the extension more functional. Consider photo examples that allow you to consider several options for verandas for living and relaxing, both open and closed. Both options will help create bright and comfortable spaces that make everyday life easier. The original extension of the house optimizes the living comfort of all family members. 
Closed extension
The closed type of extension perfectly serves as an additional room, if you take care of its interior design and insulation. Such an addition will not only harmoniously decorate the facade of the house, but will also increase the comfort of the living interior space. 
Open veranda
If you want to beautifully decorate the entrance to the house, increasing the porch area, creating a comfortable outdoor seating area in the summer, then a non-glazed extension will help you with this. The veranda can be equipped with garden furniture, where you will enjoy the peace and tranquility of the surrounding garden. Such extensions are especially popular for country houses and country houses. 
Verandas are the easiest option for expanding a house
Building a deck is a relatively easy way to change the square footage of your home. The cement board is poured and the porch is ready for assembly by the contractor. The wall to which the veranda adjoins must be reinforced, since it is load-bearing. The modern extension is a high-class structure with embellished gables whose charm is sure to attract everyone. You can choose both standard versions of the veranda and unusual ones, connecting the room with the living room or dining room. For good comfort, underfloor heating, blinds and year-round maintenance are necessary. 
Expanding your home with an extension is a solution that will bring additional value to your home in case of resale, but will also allow you to improve your living conditions. To carry out this work, it is necessary to select the most suitable project, remembering to comply with the necessary administrative procedures and other urban planning restrictions. An extension to a house is a fairly commonly used solution for expanding living space. If the architecture of the building and the area of the landscape allow for such an addition, then be sure to take this chance.
Tags:Sometimes it happens that after building a country house, it turns out that its square footage is too small, or there is a need for a separate kitchen, utility room, workshop or barn. In this case, you have to make an extension to the house. To reduce material costs to a minimum, you should immediately think about what to build it from.
How to build an extension to a house at minimal cost, with photos and examples, how to prepare a foundation for it, what material to choose for walls and roof - further in the article.
general information
If water supply and sewerage are planned for the extension, as in the case of the construction of a kitchen or bathrooms, this issue should be addressed before pouring the foundation.
If you plan to use the extension not only in the summer, then you should consider insulating the floor, for example, using expanded clay bedding. It is also useful to think about how to heat the room if you are living in winter.
As an easy extension option, you can equip a veranda - it provides protection from wind and bad weather. It is not possible to live on the veranda in winter, since, as a rule, it is not heated.
The extension must be in harmony with the main building. An economical, warm and quickly erected version of the structure is a wooden frame; after construction, it can be easily finished as the main building. It has many advantages:
- simplicity and speed of construction;
- relative cheapness;
- environmental cleanliness of the extension;
- there is no need to build a capital foundation.
Construction of the foundation
For a veranda or residential extension of a frame type, a columnar foundation is suitable, since the weight of the structure is small. If there is a need to provide communications, as is the case with a bathroom or kitchen, it is necessary to ensure thermal insulation of the water supply and sewerage sections located on the street. It will cost a pretty penny, but the costs are significantly less than if it were necessary to equip a strip foundation. The floors in such an extension are made of boards so as not to weigh down the structure.
Concrete pillars on which the structure will stand are poured measuring 50x50 cm at a distance of 1.5 meters from each other. The bottom of the holes for the posts is covered with a layer of sand, then with crushed stone, and all this is thoroughly compacted.
The pillars must be reinforced to give strength to the foundation. The formwork is removed about a week after pouring, when the concrete gains strength. Bitumen or roofing felt is glued to the pillars as waterproofing.
Bottom trim and floors
In order for the frame extension to serve for a long time, it is necessary to provide waterproofing and impregnate all wooden elements with an antiseptic and fungicidal composition. Bitumen mastic provides high-quality waterproofing.
A 150x150 mm beam, preferably made of larch, is used as the bottom trim. Roofing material must be placed under it to isolate it from the foundation. Lay the first row strictly horizontally in level, without connecting the timber at the joints.
The second row is laid with overlapping joints on the first. Then, using pins, the first and second rows are connected. You can use 50x150 mm boards instead of timber, and in order to achieve structural integrity, they are connected with self-tapping screws.
The lower harness is attached to the beds on which the logs are laid. Insulation, such as polystyrene, is placed between the joists and subfloors are laid. Finish floors are laid from moisture-resistant plywood.
Walls
Walls are made in two ways - either the structure is assembled on the ground and then erected, or the frame is gradually assembled on site. The first option requires several people, since the structure cannot be lifted alone.
The construction process begins with corner posts; it is very important to maintain right angles in all planes. For racks, timber with a cross section of at least 100x100 mm is used. The pillars are placed at a distance slightly narrower than the width of the insulation sheet.
Openings for windows and doors are equipped with additional posts and crossbars. The top of the frame is fastened with an upper harness of the same design as the lower one. Sheathing is carried out with OSB, siding, plywood, clapboard.
Roof and insulation of the extension
The easiest way to equip a roof is with a regular pitched roof. It should be made as a continuation of the roof of the main building. This is possible if the extension to the house is on the side. The roof of the extension must extend under the main roof.
All elements - rafters, beams, sheathing must be treated with an antiseptic. The roof is laid with an overlap and, depending on its type, is attached to the sheathing with self-tapping screws or slate nails.
Polystyrene foam or mineral wool is used as insulation. First, the frame is sheathed with a hydrobarrier, then insulating material is placed between the frame posts, and a vapor barrier is attached between it and the lining. Then they attach OSB or plasterboard to the racks, and begin finishing.
Photos of extensions to the house
If you decide that your house or dacha lacks a veranda, then you can always complete it. But first ask yourself: why do you need an additional extension? If it is purely for relaxation amidst nature, then it makes sense to get by with an open terrace or gazebo. The veranda is erected to increase the thermal insulation of the house, because it plays the role of a vestibule between the street and the front door, blocking the direct entry of cold masses into the premises. The secondary function of the extension - to be a place of rest - will only be fulfilled if the room is spacious and insulated. Then in winter you can sit with a cup of tea, contemplating the winter landscapes. Let's try to figure out how best to attach a veranda to the house so that it is warm in winter and maximum air in summer.
Since the veranda will become part of the main building, its style should match the design of the house itself. It is recommended to use the same materials that make up the walls and roof of the house so that the structure looks harmonious.
If modern materials are used in the decoration of the house, then a glass veranda looks quite appropriate
You can also combine materials, connecting the house and the veranda with the help of finishing. For example, if the house is brick, keep the same roofing, and make the walls of the veranda from blocks, but use decorative plaster to finish the exterior and use it to finish the foundation of the main building. It is definitely worth adding a wooden veranda to a wooden country house.
The best ideas for decorating a veranda can be found in the material:
The wooden house and the veranda look like a single ensemble
Planning and legalization of the project
The veranda is always built to cover the front door. Therefore, in an already finished house, you will not be able to attach it on the side you want. Without an entrance inside, this room will be cut off from the house, and you will have to carry food and tea into it from the kitchen across the street.
The owners themselves come up with the dimensions of the veranda, taking into account the number of people who could relax in it at the same time. For the needs of a family of 5-6 people, a building of 3x4 m is sufficient. But here it is worth taking into account the general view from the street. If you plan a small veranda, and the dacha itself is two-story, then it is unlikely that your architectural ensemble will look harmonious. But for small houses you can just add a veranda along the entire width of the building wall. This will increase the usable area, and from the outside it looks quite decent.
But no matter the size, you will have to officially legalize the building. And not after construction, but before! When you come up with a veranda design and figure out its general appearance, go to a special department that deals with building design and order a veranda project. After its manufacture, you need to go to the city’s architectural department to obtain a building permit and make changes to the house design. Why is it important to do this in advance? It takes about 2 months for the design and approval, so it is better if they happen in the winter, when the construction season has not yet begun.
Marking and layout of the site
Before starting work, it is necessary to prepare the site. To do this, remove the fertile layer (about 15 cm) and take it to the garden or flower beds. The site is leveled and the layout begins. According to the dimensions specified in the project, the boundaries of the future veranda are marked. To do this, drive iron pins or wooden pegs into the corners of the building and string the twine tightly around the perimeter.
The outer edge of the layout should coincide with the dimensions of the veranda, and the inner edge should be set back to the width of the foundation
Creating a foundation: pouring rules
Most often in Russia, a strip or column foundation is made for a veranda attached to a house, equal in depth to the foundation of the main building. At the same time, it is recommended not to tie them into one monolith, because the house and the veranda have different weights, and therefore different degrees of shrinkage. And to prevent a heavy building from dragging down a light building, place the veranda on a separate base. To do this, a gap of up to 4 cm is left between the foundation of the house and the veranda.
Attention! When creating the foundation You should take into account the soil characteristics in your area and the total weight of the building. Lightweight foundations on heaving soils can “play”, and then the veranda will move away from the wall of the main building. In addition, they are not designed for heavy walls, for example, made of brick, and can shrink under their pressure.
It is used for the construction of large verandas made of bricks or blocks, which are covered with a heavy roof (slate, metal tiles, etc.). The easiest way to build a strip foundation for a veranda to a house is from concrete.
The heaviest veranda will stand on a strip foundation
For this:
- A trench is dug (calculate the dimensions according to the foundation of the house).
- The formwork is placed at a height equal to the height of the future foundation (or slightly higher). It is made from boards, knocked down into shields.
- Concrete is prepared in the following proportions: 1 part cement, 3 parts sand and 6 parts crushed stone.
- The first layer of concrete is poured onto the bottom and reinforced with stones to make it about 10 cm.
- Next, pour in the next portion, add stones again, etc.
- For the top layer of concrete, stones are not used, but the surface is leveled with a trowel and left until it hardens (3-4 days).
- If it’s hot, then water it a couple of times a day to avoid cracking of the foundation.
If the veranda is frame or wooden, then you can put it on a columnar foundation. To protect against soil heaving, dig holes to a depth below the freezing point of the soil in your area (more than a meter). For a small and light veranda, it is enough to place posts only in the corners. For a large one, it is worth making a series of intermediate columns with a step of 50-60 cm between them.
The columnar foundation can be made of concrete, blocks or red bricks
Work progress:
- Holes are dug.
- The bottom of each of them is covered with a 20-centimeter layer of sand.
- Pour concrete to the surface of the ground and wait for it to dry.
- Coat the finished post with bitumen and fill the gaps between it and the ground with sand.
- The above-ground part of the column is created from brick or block masonry, bringing it to the height of the main foundation or slightly lower. Make sure that there is about 30 cm left to the finished floor of the veranda.
Installation of subfloors
Work order:
- We fill the underground space with expanded clay for insulation.
- We cover the foundation with a double layer of roofing felt (both strip and columnar).
- We fix the logs to the foundation, having coated them with an antiseptic in advance.
- We lay edged boards (thickness 5 cm).
The logs are pre-impregnated with an antiseptic composition
You can also make a concrete floor, but in this case you will have to carry out additional thermal insulation work, because the base will draw cold from the ground, and the floor on the veranda will be constantly cold.
Construction of a wooden veranda frame
Let's look at how to build a veranda made of wood. To do this, install a frame of beams measuring 10x10 cm. Work procedure:
- The beams for the bottom trim are placed on the finished subfloor, connecting at the corners with a “straight lock”.
- Cut grooves for vertical posts every half meter in the beams.
- Place the racks, securing them with nails and staples.
- A beam for the top trim is attached to the racks on top.
- Near the slope of the roof of the house, a girder is nailed on which the rafters will lie. It must be taken onto the anchor bolts (and all posts adjacent to the building).
- The rafter system is being installed.
- All wood is treated with an antiseptic.
Material on the construction of a veranda at a frame-type dacha will also be useful:
The beams for the bottom trim are laid on a foundation waterproofed with roofing felt.
The rafter system is attached to the beams of the upper frame
Design features of the roofing pie
Most often, roofs are made pitched. Moreover, they are more sloping than the roofs on the house. Creating a roofing pie on the veranda is carried out according to the same scheme as installing the roof of a regular house.
Continuous or intermittent sheathing is placed on the rafters, depending on the roofing covering
Only if you have an attic-type house, then you made a vapor barrier with one of the layers. In the veranda, vapor barrier is not needed, because the under-roof space will not be used. In addition, with high-quality insulation of walls and floors, a vapor barrier layer is contraindicated. After all, a couple needs to leave the room somewhere. And it will leak through the ceiling into the attic, and from there it will evaporate outside. To do this, it is worth laying a special super-diffusion membrane as a waterproofing layer, which does not let moisture in from the outside, but steam can pass freely from the inside. True, it is not used for steel and metal coatings, because they can rust from condensation. For metal tiles, a special condensate film is purchased.
The superdiffusion membrane consists of microscopic pores resembling funnels
Wall cladding and window installation
After creating the subfloors, you can sew up the frame, leaving openings for windows and doors. For this:
- In the locations of the windows we install a window sill board, which should be approximately half a meter from the floor. We fix the board to the vertical posts.
- We sew up the frame with materials that will retain heat and match the main building. On the inside it can be plywood, and on top of it - lining, on the outside - or wood. But it is necessary to lay a layer of insulation and a waterproofing film between them (on both sides of the insulation) so that moisture from the street and steam from inside do not penetrate into it. Don't forget to leave window openings.
After you have made the frame of the veranda to the house, insert windows and doors.
When installing vertical racks, take a step between them equal to the width of the windows
It is better to sew up the walls on both sides, laying insulation inside
Also, it is necessary to pay attention that the door should not be located opposite the internal door leading into the house. Otherwise, drafts cannot be avoided. It is best to do it from the end so that the cold air that flies in when opening does not find its way into the living quarters.
Features of creating a brick or block veranda
If a veranda is attached to a brick house, then it is logical that its walls are made of brick or blocks, decorating them with decorative plasters.
A brick veranda must have a solid foundation, as the construction will be heavy
Installation tips:
- It is better to place the extension on a strip foundation.
- Only undertake masonry work yourself if you have construction skills.
- Since the building will not be large, a half-brick masonry will suffice, and lay out the inside in blocks.
- Fill the voids with expanded clay.
- Such a veranda is finished with plasterboard or plastered, and then painted.
Pay special attention to the insulation of each structural element. Even those owners who first install an uninsulated veranda, after a couple of seasons look for ways to make it warmer. Because freezing corners and frosted doors are not very pleasing to the eye. And in Russia, harsh winters are not uncommon.
Often, when drawing up a house project, developers are so carried away by architectural aesthetics that they miss another important point - the practicality of its operation. Therefore, in many cases, unaccounted construction nuances have to be corrected after the house is built.
This problem also includes the lack of usable space, which can be eliminated by building an additional building adjacent to the wooden house.
Preparation for construction work
Of course, as in any other matter, the construction work itself is preceded by preparatory activities, during which all the nuances of the upcoming work are considered. As for the construction of a building adjacent to a wooden house, the important factors that determine the entire construction process are the following:
- it is necessary to decide on the location of the building and prepare its design;
- choose material for construction;
- make an estimate;
- choose the type of foundation and how to connect it to the main one;
- consider ways to connect the building with the main building and the placement of communications.
When choosing a foundation, ideally, preference is given to the type that was laid during the construction of the main building. But the construction of a monolithic and strip foundation will also guarantee the durability of the building. For lightweight structures, the columnar option is also suitable, but this is only if there is hard soil at the construction site, which is not so common. In the presence of groundwater close to the surface and sandy soil, monolithic and strip foundations will be optimal.
An important component of construction work is the moment of connecting two foundations. In most cases, the process is carried out by hammering pipes and fittings into the old structure and then installing them in the new one. In this way, simultaneous shrinkage of the house and the extension is achieved, as well as reliable installation of the new building connected to the house.
An important point before construction is to determine the location of the connection of the new extension with the main house. The best simple option would be to create a doorway at the location of the window of the main building.
Therefore, even at the planning stage, based on these considerations, you can choose the location of the future extension.
This connection method will not require dismantling the entire wall of the house to combine it with an additional building, and will thereby prevent large expenditures of time and money.
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DIY house extension: frame technology
If, if it is necessary to erect a building adjacent to a wooden house, the budget is limited, then affordable and simple frame construction technology is used. This technology has two advantages - in addition to low cost, it also achieves high speed of work, which allows you to build an extension to a wooden house in the shortest possible time.
Frame construction involves the construction of a structure from beams or planed timber. After the frame is erected, it is covered with pressed wood. Subsequently, the tree is filled with various insulation materials, and a full range of thermal and waterproofing is performed. All of the above measures allow you to create a comfortable and cozy extension to a wooden house.
Frame technology is in many ways similar to assembling a construction set; its simplicity and low labor intensity allow you to implement the technology yourself, which is an undeniable advantage of this method.
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Option for building an extension to a wooden house
To build an extension to a wooden house, there is no need to construct a massive foundation. In this case, you can get by with the construction of a strip with a depth of up to 40-50 cm and a width of up to 25-30 cm. In the proposed version of the extension, the length and width parameters are reduced to dimensions of 8x3 m. Based on this, the length of the foundation will accordingly be equal to 14 meters.
To work you will need:
- cement mortar;
- fittings;
- level;
- beam;
- circular or regular chainsaw;
- nails;
- self-tapping screws;
- reinforced staples.
So, the work begins with digging a trench along the width of the foundation. The depth of the trench should be 2/3 of the entire height of the foundation, and 1/3 of the remaining part should protrude above the ground. Next, the ground part of the foundation is poured. For this purpose, formwork is made from boards. After pouring the cement mortar and its hardening, the formwork is removed. To prepare a cement mixture (at the rate of 0.8 bags per 1 m2), 11 bags of cement (grade M400) are needed; the solution is prepared by mixing cement with sand in a ratio of 1 part/2.5 parts, respectively, and adding water until the consistency of thin sour cream. Before pouring the foundation, to increase its strength and durability, old reinforcing wire, fragments of bricks, bottle glass, etc. are poured into the trench.
Ultimately, in order to achieve a perfectly flat surface, it is mandatory to carry out control measurements of the surface of the extension’s foundation using a horizontal level.
To create the floor, 100x150 mm timber is used. Logs made of timber in the amount of 6 pieces are laid at a distance of 1.3 m from each other, two of which must be mounted in the end parts of the extension, and the remaining 4 are placed between them. To ensure the stability of the logs, special “pedestals” are used - made from cinder blocks, scraps of timber or support bricks. “Pedestals” are installed on the ground evenly under each joist in its two places, and the formation of gaps under them is not allowed. When installing joists, as when pouring a foundation, control measurements are taken using a horizontal level to determine the evenness of the floor surface.
Transverse logs are mounted using grooves and nails 120 mm to the longitudinal part of the foundation of the building. A circular or regular chainsaw is used to create grooves.
Boards of 100x30 mm are laid on the transverse joists; boards of greater width can be used - they will be more stable and their service life will be much longer. The boards are fastened with nails or self-tapping screws at 90 cm.
To make the frame, 100x100 mm beams are mounted in the corners of the future structure. Where the extension adjoins the house, the timber is installed much more tightly. Next, in two places a screed is made with the house using reinforced brackets, while the surface is checked with a vertical level, and the remaining corner beams in the amount of 2 pieces are fastened with brackets to the longitudinal joist. It is worth noting that the corner beams act as the main frame of the extension to a wooden house, so it is very important when installing them using a level to ensure that they are perfectly level.
Another beam is installed in the central part of the front wall so that the distance to the outer corner beams is 4 meters.
At the next stage, additional vertical and horizontal beams of 100x50 mm are installed between the main ones, while maintaining a distance that between horizontal boards should not exceed 610 mm, and between vertical boards - 1230 mm. An exception to these parameters will be the sections between horizontal boards near door and window openings. A vertical beam is attached to the lower and upper lags using 120 mm nails, and the horizontal beam is fixed at an angle of 90 degrees to the vertical using 90 mm nails.
Ultimately, the stability of the structure is ensured by laying diagonal beams at the outer corners. This solution will prevent the corners from becoming loose over time.
Thus, the wooden extension to the wooden house is ready. Having carefully studied the sequence of work and prepared the necessary materials and tools, you can begin construction work yourself. Good luck and patience!
